Introduction Food security remains one of Africa’s most pressing challenges. With a rapidly growing population, changing climate, and increasing global market volatility, the continent’s agricultural systems are under immense pressure. Smallholder farmers, who produce up to 80% of Africa’s
Introduction Financial inclusion is central to Africa’s social and economic transformation. Yet, millions of rural households and smallholder farmers remain excluded from formal financial systems. Barriers such as limited collateral, high transaction costs, and inadequate infrastructure hinder access to
